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Various mechanisms such as anisotropic plastic flow, damage nucleation, and crack propagation govern the overall mechanical response of structural materials. Understanding how these mechanisms interact, i.e. if they amplify mutually or compete with each other, is an essential prerequisite for the design of improved alloys. This study shows—by using the free and open source software DAMASK (the Düsseldorf...
Kester Clarke is the JOM advisor for the Shaping & Forming Committee of the TMS Materials Processing & Manufacturing Division, and guest editor for the topic Behavior of Sheet Metal Under Multiaxial Deformation Paths in this issue.
One foundational component of the integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) and Materials Genome Initiative is the computational thermodynamics based on the calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) method. The CALPHAD method pioneered by Kaufman has enabled the development of thermodynamic, atomic mobility, and molar volume databases of individual phases in the full space of temperature,...
Terry T. Wong is the JOM advisor for the ICME Committee of the TMS Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division, and guest editor for the topic Advances in ICME Implementation: Concepts and Practices in this issue.
Magnesium AZ31B sheets of 2 mm thickness were stretch formed with a 101.6-mm-diameter punch at temperatures from 25°C to 150°C, in 25°C increments. Surface strains were measured with a digital image correlation method. The punch height versus load curve was found to be the same for temperatures of 25°C and for 50°C, whereas at 75°C and above, the load for a given punch height started to decrease,...
Predicting when and where materials fail is a holy grail for structural materials engineering. Development of a predictive capability in this domain will optimize the employment of existing materials, as well as rapidly enhance the uptake of new materials, especially in high-risk, high-value applications, such as aeroengines. In this article, we review and outline recent efforts within our research...
Slip transfer via sequential pile-up dislocations across grain boundaries (GBs) plays an important role in plastic deformation in polycrystalline face-centered cubic (FCC) metals. In this work, large scale concurrent atomistic-continuum (CAC) method simulations are performed to address the slip transfer of mixed character dislocations across GBs in FCC Ni. Two symmetric tilt GBs, a Σ3{111} coherent...
Predicting the macroscopic and microscopic mechanical response of metals and alloys subjected to complex loading conditions necessarily requires a synergistic combination of multiscale material models and characterization techniques. This article focuses on the use of a multiscale approach to study the difference between intergranular lattice strain evolution for various grain families measured during...
Predicting, understanding, and controlling the mechanical behavior is the most important task when designing structural materials. Modern alloy systems—in which multiple deformation mechanisms, phases, and defects are introduced to overcome the inverse strength–ductility relationship—give raise to multiple possibilities for modifying the deformation behavior, rendering traditional, exclusively experimentally-based...
To improve the efficiency of advanced power systems, integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) tools are being developed at QuesTek Innovations LLC for the design of high-performance alloys for gas turbine. In this article, we detail progress on the design of a low-Re, castable, creep-resistant, single-crystal Ni-based superalloy (QTSX). CALPHAD-based indicators for castability (liquid...
Four different cruciform sample designs, based on the work of Abu-Farha et al. (JOM 61:48, 2009) were studied. Key features of these designs are a recessed pocket with fillet and re-entrant corners. These samples were shown via digital image correlation to achieve widely differing strain values inside and outside the pocket. From the results of these tests, there are two competing failure mechanisms...
There is continuing research interest in the development and use of constitutive relations for assistance with description and optimization of higher temperature metal and alloy processing conditions and desired mechanical property performances, particularly in the latter case for nanopolycrystalline materials under creep-type loading deformations. Here, we focus on the plastic flow stress dependence...
To further explore the characterization of the multiaxial stress-strain responses of anisotropic tube metal from double-sided hydro-bulging tests, an analytical model for the equivalent stress and equivalent strain calculation was derived based on Hosford’s 1979 yield criterion. Furthermore, thin-walled 5052-O aluminum alloy tubes were used to conduct the bulging experiment with an external pressure...
We describe the effect of varying tension leveling parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of steel strips. We found that, when the tension leveling elongation was constant, an increase in the screw-down value resulted in an initial decrease in the cross-sectional grain size of the strip, which was followed by an increase. However, the longitudinal grain size remained constant,...
This article is concerned with multilevel simulations in sheet metal forming using a physically based polycrystalline homogenization model that takes into account microstructure and the directionality of deformation mechanisms acting at single-crystal level. The polycrystalline-level model is based on the elasto-plastic self-consistent (EPSC) homogenization of single-crystal behavior providing a constitutive...
This article reviews the advances made in the development and implementation of a novel approach to speeding up crystal plasticity simulations of metal processing by one to three orders of magnitude when compared with the conventional approaches, depending on the specific details of implementation. This is mainly accomplished through the use of spectral crystal plasticity (SCP) databases grounded...
Finite-element (FE) cell model computations have been used to gain insights into the ductile response of porous polycrystals. Generally, the behavior of the matrix is described by a J2-plasticity model. In this article, we present a new computational approach to FE cell models for porous polycrystals deforming by slip based on crystal plasticity. The cell provides the homogenized dilational response,...
Integrated computational materials engineering (ICME) provides a pathway to advance performance in structures through the use of physically-based models to better understand how manufacturing processes influence product performance. As one particular challenge, consider that residual stresses induced in fabrication are pervasive and directly impact the life of structures. For ICME to be an effective...
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